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Cổ Loa Citadel ((ベトナム語:Thành Cổ Loa)) is a citadel in present-day Hanoi's Dong Anh district, about northeast of downtown. It was erected during the end of the Hồng Bàng Dynasty (about 257 ). The fortress is a spiral-shaped complex of the then new capital. Its name is derived from the Sino-Vietnamese 古螺, meaning "old spiral." The site has been the source of various relics of the Dong Son culture of the Bronze Age.〔 == History == According to folklore, Thục Phán (An Dương Vương) defeated the last of the Hung kings in 257 and founded the kingdom of Âu Lạc, choosing the site of Co Loa as his capital. Co Loa is a very large site and is the dominant presence in the northern floodplain of the Red River Delta, which would have required a large amount of labour and resources to have built in its time.〔Higham, p. 122.〕 The story goes that when the city was first being built, the work done during the day was destroyed at night. The king made a sacrifice and that night a golden turtle came to him in a dream and told him that the king was building the city on the turtle's carapace. Instead, the king was instructed to build the city in a new location - that of present-day Co Loa. The king did so, and the city was soon finished.〔Truong Buu Lam, A Story of Vietnam〕 The city was in the shape of a conch shell and had 9 walls, each of which was protected by a moat. The moats were part of a series of streams—including the Hoang Giang River to the south—and lakes that exist to this day and provided Co Loa with protection and navigation.〔 Out of gratefulness to the king, the magic turtle gave the king a claw that he could use as a trigger on his crossbow. When used, it multiplied its force by the thousands. However, one of the Qin dynasty leaders, Zhao Tuo, took advantage of the decline of the Qin and created his own kingdom north of Au Lac. He tried to conquer his southern neighbor but was defeated. Instead, he married his son to the daughter of the Thuc king. When the son was in Co Loa, he discovered the magic turtle's claw and stole it. His father invaded the Au Lac and Co Loa and easily defeated it.〔 Stories of the Thuc king's demise vary. Some say he committed suicide by jumping in the ocean. Some say he was born off to sea by the magic turtle and never seen again. Some say he was told of his daughter's betrayal by the magic turtle and killed his own daughter before he disappeared with the turtle.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Cổ Loa Citadel」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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